In the post-war period the Catholic Church faced a dilemma over how to prepare Catholic children for moral and civic participation in American life while simultaneously imparting the distinctive moral worldview that defined Roman Catholicism. This project explores how this dilemma manifested in the Catholic schools of Chicago between 1945 and 1975, ultimately revealing the dynamics of how religious organizations undergo moral negotiation with the surrounding moral culture. This process of negotiation is an important contribution to the sociology of religion, but also furthers our understanding of how, more broadly, the moral landscape of American public life changes over time.