The project investigates the ways in which juvenile behavioral problems are understood and managed in the U.S. and Japan, and the effects of curriculum reform and counseling programs currently being implemented. It also explores Japan-U.S. exchanges of pedagogy and approaches to youth treatment. The method of the project is rooted in classroom participant observation, observation of clinical care, interviews with students, parents, and teachers, and also getting to know students themselves in the school context. The kinds of problems teenagers face and the ways in which these problems are constructed by medical practitioners, teachers, parents, and bureaucrats are central to the formulation not only of education policy but social policy more broadly, including the spheres of family and workplace.