My project examines the moral concerns that mobilize the tolerance of difference in psychiatry, government, and the social life of historically antagonistic communities in Greek Thrace. I plan twelve months of ethnographic research in community-based psychiatric settings, local courts, and religious organizations in the Evrou region of Thrace, in addition to archival work on the Asia Minor Disaster of 1922-23 and the legislation of psychiatric reform and human rights in Greece. I study relationships between mental illness and ethnico-religious difference ethnographically and historically, to understand medical knowledge and government as ethical problems in local and transnational context.