I intend to survey anti-Americanism's varied roots and expressions in the world today, especially among Asian countries, and compare the Japanese case in a transnational perspective. A special attention will be given to how politico-ideological maps are (re-)configured by the shifting loci of "America" in other parts of the world, particularly in Asian contexts. Through this analysis, I hope to add a new theoretical insight into the scholarship on the repercussions of Americanization and globalization on the construction and practice of local identities. At the same time, I plan to examine the U.S. responses to anti-Americanism, especially after the events of September 11, as exemplified in recent policy developments of public diplomacy, by scrutinizing the "politics of culture" (or "culture war") played out in the contemporary U.S.