In this dissertation, I will trace the history of French colonial medicine in the period of the French Protectorate in Morocco (1912-1956) through a focus on women's health and gender. I will examine the role of gender in French colonial health planning in Morocco, the application of medical policy, and the impact of French medicine on Moroccan society. I would suggest that the two cannot be separated; to write a history ·of colonial medicine in Morocco is to write a history of gender. Gender was at the heart of the social crises which accompanied the introduction of Western biomedicine to Morocco, and thus illustrates both the mechanics of colonial power and the epistemological systems on which Western and traditional Moroccan healing are based.