This research examines the causes and consequences of an emerging transnational phenomenon: secondary (two-step) migration from one industrial country to another. Focusing on West Indian and South Asian migratory flows from the U.K. to the U.S. in comparison with Latin American re-migration from Japan to the U.S., I will examine how immigrants' relative integration patterns relate to their migratory behavior. I hypothesize that secondary migration occurs among relatively well-integrated migrants with high levels of human capital. If this proves true, secondary out-migration from Japan and the U.K. will have significant consequences for these countries that have increasingly tried to lure "desirable" (educated and skilled) migrants as they experience population ageing and demographic shifts.