In my dissertation, I will analyze how in the 19th century, Bosnians of different faiths, classes, and ethnic communities introduced modem political ideas and practices without resorting to the prevailing national models of political and social organization. I will critically examine the local government records, publications, memoirs, correspondences and other archival sources from September 2003 to December 2004 in Bosnia and in Turkey. This research will thus illuminate the movements and events that fundamentally reshaped Bosnia's political landscape and influenced subsequent developments across the Balkans.