The research focuses on oil Discovery and Compensation over Land: Conceptualizing the risks and vulnerability of women's House Hold livelihoods in Albertine Graben, Uganda 2006-2016. It aims at critically examining the risks and vulnerabilities women are experiencing, participation of women in compensation activities, participation of women in land contestations, the impact of land eviction and strategies women employ to deal with risks and vulnerabilities derived from displacement, compensation and resettlement in Hoima and Bulisa Districts. Qualitative approaches have been used in order to get into in depth of the problem. The study will use descriptive research design. The primary respondent will be women whose families were compensated, women whose families were not compensated but displaced and women whose families have never been compensates but displaced, state representatives in ministry of gender and energy development, oil extraction contracting companies. A sample of 201 participants will be interviewed.Qualitative methods of data collection methods: Interviews and narrative, Focus Group Discussions, participant observation, documentary evidence will be used. Data analysis methods such as thematic analysis and scientific softwar methode atlas.ti.6.2 qualitative research analysis programme will be employed. Ethically, voluntariness and confidentiality of the respondents will be observed. The study will use study validation and triangulation strategies to ensure data validity. Key words; Oil discovery, compensation, Risks and Vulnerability and women.