Using a longitudinal study design I examined the relationship between maternal mental health, marital discord/ conflict, socioeconomic status, infant growth and development in Post War Torn Rural Masaka District, Uganda. Most of the studies about postpartum maternal mental health in the middle or low income countries have been done in either urban or peri- urban setting which may not be representative of rural settings or in post war torn areas. Structured interviews were conducted on 167 Mother infant dyads. Data was analyzed using the IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. At baseline, findings show that slightly over one third of the mothers were depressed and slightly below one quarter had anxiety. Nearly half of the mothers were experiencing relationship discord and all were living below the poverty line. There was a significant relationship between relationship discord, psychological distress, depression and anxiety.