Frontiers in Social Science features new research in the flagship journals of the Social Science Research Council’s founding disciplinary associations. Every month we publish a new selection of articles from the most recent issues of these journals, marking the rapid advance of the frontiers of social and behavioral science.

Improvements to climate systems modeling

A novel stochastic generator applied to surface temperature prediction demonstrates the ability to overcome the vast computational and storage costs of climate systems modeling.

Author(s)
Yan Song, Zubair Khalid, and Marc G. Genton
Journal
Journal of the American Statistical Association
Citation
Song, Yan, Zubair Khalid, and Marc G. Genton. 2024. “Efficient Stochastic Generators with Spherical Harmonic Transformation for High-Resolution Global Climate Simulations from CESM2-LENS2.” Journal of the American Statistical Association 119 (548): 2493–2507. doi:10.1080/01621459.2024.2360666. Copy
Abstract

Earth system models (ESMs) are fundamental for understanding Earth’s complex climate system. However, the computational demands and storage requirements of ESM simulations limit their utility. For the newly published CESM2-LENS2 data, which suffer from this issue, we propose a novel stochastic generator (SG) as a practical complement to the CESM2, capable of rapidly producing emulations closely mirroring training simulations. Our SG leverages the spherical harmonic transformation (SHT) to shift from spatial to spectral domains, enabling efficient low-rank approximations that significantly reduce computational and storage costs. By accounting for axial symmetry and retaining distinct ranks for land and ocean regions, our SG captures intricate nonstationary spatial dependencies. Additionally, a modified Tukey g-and-h (TGH) transformation accommodates non-Gaussianity in high-temporal-resolution data. We apply the proposed SG to generate emulations for surface temperature simulations from the CESM2-LENS2 data across various scales, marking the first attempt of reproducing daily data. These emulations are then meticulously validated against training simulations. This work offers a promising complementary pathway for efficient climate modeling and analysis while overcoming computational and storage limitations. Supplementary materials for this article are available online, including a standardized description of the materials available for reproducing the work.

Conflicts between migrants and locals in Lampedusa, Italy

On the island of Lampedusa, Italy, migrants and locals contend with the lack of assistance from the government, leading to economic, political, and legal conflict between these groups.

Author(s)
Alessandro Corso and Nayanika Mookherjee
Journal
American Anthropologist
Citation
Corso, Alessandro, and Nayanika Mookherjee. 2024. “The presence of abandonment: Left to live at the borderland of Lampedusa.” American Anthropologist 126: 622–634. https://doi.org/10.1111/aman.28016 Copy
Abstract

Drawing from the extensive literature on the anthropology of borders and border death in and beyond Europe, this article ethnographically explores the processes through which irregular migrants and locals at the borderland of Lampedusa (south of Sicily, Italy) are left to live and die in abandonment. In the process, we highlight the distinct and antagonistic yet shared sense of neglect that both migrants and locals experience in their everyday lives on the island and explore the relationship between abandonment, the everyday, and the law, showing how these are interwoven. By including both irregular migrants and locals in Lampedusa in our analysis, the article importantly establishes how abandonment occurs not in the absence but in the indeterminacy of the law and highlights a chronic failure of the law toward life (deemed as legal and illegal). It moves beyond traditional anthropological critiques on state presence and absence, showing how abandonment pervades everyday life within and beyond borders.

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